Word: communings
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...answer has been to throw in youth brigades of Chinese. The Communist Sinkiang Daily claimed that natives "voluntarily gave up their houses and beds to these young people." Last month, in a special meeting, the Sinkiang party organization decided the opposition of "a small number of demobilized servicemen and commune members" has become "the main obstacle to a further strengthening of the people's communes," decreed that, beginning this week, "the stubborn resistance of a few rightist opposition elements who attempt to carry out underground activities should be promptly corrected...
...mechanical man who comes close to realizing his own dictum: "A party member is required to sacrifice his interests to the party unconditionally." Even the public appearances intended to humanize him invariably take on a grim tone. When a small child cut its hands tending potato vines in a commune, Liu's reaction was hard advice: "Do not be scared by a little blood." And when a Communist bureaucrat, whom he was lecturing on the need for working-class experience, observed, "There are still people who regard working in the boiler room as living hell," Liu snapped back...
...groups and splinter groups form with such rapidity that one Congolese leader found that the party he heads had split in two while he was flying from Leopoldville to Brussels last week. The most powerful Congolese politician is Joseph Kasavubu, 42, one of Leopoldville's ten native commune burgomasters. But Kasavubu's Abako Party represents mostly the Bakongo people of the southwest, who want immediate independence only for themselves. Abako's chief rival is the National Congolese Movement Party, headed by a flamboyant convicted embezzler who wants independence without bothering with elections until later. From a Belgian...
...vast stockpiles (TIME, Dec. 29 et seq.). And, as many Western observers had already suspected, the highly touted backyard steel furnaces proved a fiasco. None of 3,000,000 tons produced was usable in industry, confessed Peking. Between the lines could be read the bitter admission that the commune system had resulted only in pushing China's luckless peasants beyond their endurance. The report made sober reading for those Asians who had believed Red China's propaganda about the superiority of Communism as a way of swiftly industrializing a backward nation...
Worse yet, young Red "agricultural experts" set impossibly high production quotas for the communes, drove man and beast so hard that abnormal numbers of cattle and water buffalo began to die of overwork. As for the peasants, reported Canton's Nan-fang Duily sadly, "quite a few commune members were found not to care very much about production quotas." By last June. Agriculture Minister Liao Lu-yen found himself obliged to report that, so far in 1959, land planted to food grains was running 1,300,000 acres behind 1958-a fact that promised to cost China...