Word: communisme
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...invasion of Czechoslovakia has polarized the struggle for economic and political reform within the Communist movement. The diversity of Communist parties, the lack of relevance of the doctrine to specific problems, and the internal pressures?economic, military and political?within the Soviet Union have raised the question: What is Communism today? Some Kremlinologists suggest that the best way to seek an answer is to view the Soviet Union as a latter-day empire seeking to maintain its sway...
...global scale, Russia's reliance on force and authoritarianism hurts its role as a Communist leader. Partly for that very reason, the movement's fission has proved to be a downright political advantage to many Communist parties. The image of Communism's being run by an alien despotism in Moscow has faded to a great extent as individual parties have become more independent. The French party for years cringed under Socialist Guy Mollet's indictment that "the Communists are not of the Left but of the East"; by asserting a moderate amount of independence, the French Communists have gained...
Except in Southeast Asia and parts of Latin America and West Germany, public fear of Communism has noticeably declined. The change in the public climate offers an opportunity to the reformist parties. If they actually do achieve power through elections, the test for the reformists will be to show that Communism can indeed be the liberating, uplifting force that Marx envisioned and not the tyranny that the Soviets and Chinese made it. To judge from all past evidence, it would be dangerous and foolhardy for any Western voter to bet his liberty in the expectation that this will ever happen...
That, too, would be reckless, for on neither China nor Czechoslovakia are the Russians likely to have their way at the conference. Communism has existed too long, embraced too many diverse peoples, adapted to too many local needs and seen too many second-and third-generation visions for the monolith ever to be reassembled again. The descendants of the 1917 Revolution are mutants, dedicated to making Communism ?their Communism?safe in a world of diversity. It is disturbing that the men in the Kremlin do not understand that, or cannot accept it. In demanding that the parties...
...soldiers along the Ussuri River. Then there were the ghosts at the banquet, the men who had refused to come: China's Mao Tse-tung, North Viet Nam's Ho Chi Minh, Yugoslavia's Josip Broz Tito, Cuba's Fidel Castro. They are the most famous figures of contemporary Communism; their stature, by any measure, dwarfs Russia's present leadership...