Word: communisme
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...Minh and his followers did not see themselves that way. Yes, they believed in communism, which provided them with a combination of mentality and methods well suited to prevailing in war (but not in peace): discipline and self-sacrifice, brutally enforced. They were glad to have support from Moscow and Beijing, but they were not doing Soviet or Chinese bidding. They were determined to keep Vietnam from ever again being under the control of a foreign power. They saw the Americans as successors to French and Chinese imperialists. That image of the G.I. served Ho better than America's image...
...World communism was a chimera even before Kennedy sent U.S. advisers to Vietnam. The Sino-Soviet split began in 1960; later, Mao Zedong refused to let the Soviets send arms to Hanoi by rail across China. In 1978 Vietnam attacked the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia and the following year beat back an invasion by China. This was not the sequence of events that Dwight Eisenhower had in mind in 1954 when he propounded the domino theory, the rationale for U.S. intervention in Southeast Asia. Instead, the violent feuding among the region's Marxist regimes in the 1970s and 1980s...
This is the Guggenheim's first exhibition after the opening of its disappointing new tower galleries last summer. It is billed as a pioneering effort. This is true only in a bureaucratic sense: access to works in Russian museums has become a good deal easier since the collapse of communism. The organizers' ambition to shake the contents of every provincial museum in Mother Russia into the Guggenheim has produced more footnotes than masterpieces. Much of the best work in it will be familiar to visitors who saw "Paris-Moscow, 1900-1930" in Paris in 1979, or any of the exhibitions...
...SLOGAN HAS A FAMILIAR RING: THERE'S NOTHing wrong with communism that a little capitalism can't fix. Last time around, that approach was called perestroika, Mikhail Gorbachev's futile attempt to rejuvenate the Soviet socialist system. Perestroika is alive and well and living in Beijing under an assumed name -- "socialist market economy...
...country's suffering deepens from the loss of Soviet aid, Cuban exile groups are rethinking their strategy and calling for more dialogue with the Castro regime to prevent a violent transition if communism collapses. Liberal Cuban Americans blame Mas for trying to upset that process. "The whole point of the Cuban Democracy Act was to halt the transformation of Cuba," argues Alicia Torres, executive director of the Cuban American Committee. "Mas' only hope is to create violence. Is that what the rest of the U.S. wants?" Mas counters that the act actually safeguards Cuba's future by requiring elections within...