Word: communisme
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Ismael traces the evolution of leftist political organization from the Arab nationalist movement of the pre-World War II era--essentially an elitist, liberalist, Western-looking intellectual discipline--to the growth of socialist doctrine in the Arab world. He is careful to dissociate Arab "socialism" and "communism" from their terminological counterparts elsewhere. Arab socialists have often advocated private ownership (albeit regulated) as necessary for economic development; Arab communists have been wary of aligning themselves with communist states, preferring instead to regard Marxist-Leninist dogma as a malleable, practical tool for national progress and liberation rather than as an ideological ultimate...
...society and had a miserable childhood. Li Chin was the first of several names she would use before taking Chiang Ch'ing [meaning Azure River, because of her fondness for rivers and because azure "excels blue," a color she loved] her name in the community of Communism. She had numerous brothers and sisters-how many she would not say-the youngest of them at least a dozen years older than she was. Her father [a wheelwright] was an "old man" of about 60 when she was born. Though her mother was over 40, Chiang Ch'ing remembered...
Beyond a reiteration of their commitment to "a democratic way," the godfathers of Euro-Communism disagreed sharply on just how deeply they should cut the Kremlin's apron strings. They reached no agreement at all on the sensitive issue of dissidence in the Soviet bloc, other than a mild approval of the Helsinki accord...
...French party, too, still has among its top leadership men who were once staunch Stalinists. Marchais himself is a new (and in some quarters suspect) convert to the more liberal tenets of Euro-Communism. The French Communists were stung by an article in the Soviet Party organ Pravda blasting their participation in a Paris rally called to support political prisoners in the Soviet Union. In Madrid, Marchais was not about to raise Russian hackles again. Said he rather lamely: "We think that the three parties do not have the right to make a collective condemnation of some parties." That left...
...Mowrer received a Pulitzer Prize for his vivid reporting on Hitler's rise, was expelled from Germany and enraged Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, who said he would expend an army division to capture Mowrer. As a columnist, Mowrer became increasingly conservative and looked on peaceful coexistence with Communism as "the opium of the West...