Word: communisms
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...Bush has been terrific on the Middle East," says Joseph Califano, Jimmy Carter's Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. "But it's easier to deal with than the problems at home. It's more glamorous and exciting when you have Saddam or evil communism as the enemy. It's not that simple when, say, you've got a million heroin addicts, a massive crime problem, poverty, lousy education, no health care, urban decay, alcoholism...
...these right-wing doves, the only justification for risking American lives and treasure is a direct threat to a vital U.S. interest. During the cold war, such challenges were easier to identify. But the collapse of communism has left the right without a sufficiently menacing bogeyman to battle against. "These folks were all for our actions overseas as long as there was a communist target," says Richard Murphy, senior fellow on the Council on Foreign Relations and former Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian affairs. "When it's not a communist target, it's not worth...
...Communism collapses, America declines. For more than a year, that coupling has expressed the conventional wisdom: a new world is emerging, a post-cold war era driven as never before by economic competition, an order in which other nations, new superpowers like Germany and Japan, will challenge U.S. primacy. At best, the argument runs, an exhausted U.S., nearly bankrupt after 40 years of containing Soviet expansionism, will have to share global leadership in the 21st century...
...response, reform-minded young officers have begun to push for change. Unlike the top brass, this new generation of military men takes a more independent approach to the army's troubles than the one dictated by orthodox communism. They have proposed a radical agenda that includes abolishing the draft, turning the conscript force into an all-volunteer army, expelling party cells from military units and permitting the formation of territorial reserve units as a way to check the flow of soldiers into unofficial regional corps...
...helped Tito maintain autonomy against the aggressive designs of Stalin -- and in that sense was an early harbinger of the freedom Eastern Europe has now found. "Nationalism is not necessarily a bad thing," argues Miroslav Hroch, a historian at Prague's Charles University. He believes after four decades of communism it is inevitable that people will seek a national identity. "An old order has collapsed, and people have to belong to something," he says. "There is nothing wrong with their rallying to the flag." True, as long as the old demons do not wrap themselves in the flag as well...