Word: communist
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Frugal City. The Communist plan fell into several stages. Decentralization would not only move out "nonproducers" but shift factories to the interior, where they would be closer to food, raw materials and coal. What remained of Shanghai would be turned "inward," i.e., weaned away from dependence upon foreign trade...
Workers were politely but firmly reminded that wage demands would have to be "compatible" with production-a reflection of official Communist concern with "liberated" labor's cry for more pay. Further, party members and intellectuals would be mobilized for trips into the countryside to re-educate peasants who are balking at high Communist taxes and taking to banditry and guerrilla forays...
...ragged, half-starved refugees. Through three years of civil war they had fled before the Red tide, which had finally caught up with them. They had funneled into the city to set up dirty, mat-shed colonies. They had lived by begging or scratching in garbage piles. Already, said Communist authorities, 400,000 refugees had left the city-half "voluntarily," the remainder "sent." Still to go were more than 1,000,000 refugee landowners, "loafers" or petty black-marketeers, paupers, unemployed factory hands and dismissed government workers...
...kinds of worries" were in the minds of the refugees, reported the Communist Liberation Daily. "Some even thought the government was trying to chase them away, with the result that they didn't dare accept the flour given to them as relief after the [recent] typhoon, for fear of being obliged to leave Shanghai." To soothe them, a Red directive called for propaganda and education, promised a magnanimous attitude toward refugee landowners if they would "repent of their mistakes and engage in production...
...those who have lost government jobs because of a Communist "economy" wave in administration, the Communists had coined a new euphemism. What Chinese used to call bluntly tsai yuan (cutting personnel) has become ching chien ("considered simplification" of office personnel...