Word: communist
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...better shape—none of its rivers have yet managed to catch on fire like the Cuyahoga, a river so polluted from America’s rise to industrial power that it actually sustained flames. China is also more proactive about the environmental impact of growth. The Communist Party has required that the same economic growth be achieved in 2010 using 20 percent less energy than in 2005. For the same time period, the government has also mandated that mercury, sulfur dioxide, and other pollutant emissions decline by 10 percent in total. None of this is a guarantee that...
...village of 3,500 in China's industrial heartland of Guangdong, is a concrete symbol of that which is wrong with the country's economic boom. The structure was built a few years ago as surrounding farmlands were being turned into residential developments. It was supposed to be the Communist Party's local power center. But there are no cadres in sight. Since July 2, Xiantang has had no leadership...
...about 3% of GDP, which was $2.7 trillion in 2006. While 3% may not seem like a huge amount, Pei notes that it is roughly equal to China's total annual education spending. There is a less tangible but more dangerous cost. Government graft "undercuts the legitimacy of the Communist Party," says Dali Yang, director of the East Asian Institute at the National University of Singapore. "Ruling élites, perceived by the population as irredeemably rapacious and self-serving, enjoy little popular legitimacy and would more likely get overthrown if a major [economic] crisis hits," says...
...course, China's top leaders are keenly aware of this possibility. In an Oct. 15 speech during the Chinese Communist Party's congress, President Hu Jintao declared that fighting graft is critical to "the party and its very survival." But previous clean-up efforts have had little effect. Of the 133,467 officials who were investigated for corruption between 2003 and 2006, just 427 were referred to the judiciary for criminal proceedings, according to Ouyang Song, deputy head of the Party Central Committee's Organization Department. Despite some signs of improvement, such as a growing reliance on investigators from distant...
...research collaboration (25th--see page 74) and national savings rate (7th) while remaining among the world's worst countries for things like the soundness of banks (128th). As for India, there is always discussion about the extent to which that country's bureaucratic, multistate, multiparty democracy handicaps it--a communist government like China's doesn't have to worry about building consensus for economic policies...