Word: communist
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Ironically, it is China, with its authoritarian government and notorious cultural police, that allows its artists the most room for self-expression. Yes, direct criticisms of the Communist Party are taboo, and the culture cops occasionally shutter avant-garde exhibitions. Nevertheless, ironic depictions of Chairman Mao and not-so-subtle critiques of official corruption or urban alienation fill Beijing and Shanghai galleries. Some artists, particularly those who grew up during the Cultural Revolution, playfully twist that era's socialist-realist propaganda art - think heroic laborers, red-cheeked peasants and stalwart soldiers lifting banners with brand names or consumerist messages. Best...
Writing history is a dicey enterprise for Chinese scholars, and never more so than when the subject is a Communist Party figure like Zhou Enlai - China's Premier from the founding of the People's Republic until his death in 1976, and still regarded by the vast majority of Chinese as a saint. "Ordinary people thought he was a good man," says Gao Wenqian, once Zhou's government-appointed biographer and more recently the author of the revisionist (and unofficial) Zhou Enlai: The Last Perfect Revolutionary, now available in a translation by Peter Rand and Lawrence R. Sullivan...
...emigrated to the U.S. in 1993, is uniquely qualified to air the dirty laundry of China's communist leaders. For 13 years, he worked as a researcher in the party's central archive, poring over personal correspondence and classified communiqués. He is no average apparatchik, though: in 1989, he supported the pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen Square. The violence that followed convinced him to leave China - but only after he'd used Western friends to smuggle his notes out of the country. "After the Tiananmen massacre, there arose a strong desire in my heart to do something...
...policy ideas. In the Philippines, one study has found that more than half the members of Congress hail from a political family. Even in China, where Mao Zedong rose to power demonizing feudalism, a class of "princelings," sons of former revolutionary cadres, has risen like feudal lords, including Shanghai Communist Party boss Xi Jinping, anointed during last month's Party Congress as President Hu Jintao's likely successor...
...Some reckon the higher rates are due to differing cultural standards. Although China's Communist Party once deemed gambling to be one of the "six evils" (along with illicit drugs, human trafficking, pornography, prostitution and superstition), Eastern religions such as Buddhism and Taoism don't strictly condemn gambling. "Gambling is seen as a morally recognized way of making money," says Peter Ong, chairman of the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, which oversees Hong Kong's Even Centre gambling-addiction program. The American Psychiatric Association classifies pathological gambling as an "impulse control disorder," along with kleptomania and pyromania. But throughout Asia...