Word: communist
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...series of unexplained military maneuvers around Moscow last fall fueled rumors that the army had used scare tactics to pressure Gorbachev. A much repeated story speaks of a tense meeting of the Communist Party Politburo at which the President was forced to back away from economic reform and crack down on separatism...
...have links with the military-industrial complex. When Gorbachev's economic advisers Shatalin and Petrakov resigned after the military crackdown in the Baltics in January, he replaced them with two apparatchiks from the staff of the party Central Committee. Says Bogomolov: "Gorbachev is less the President nowadays than the Communist Party General Secretary, carrying out the decisions of the Politburo and the party plenum...
...himself. In a speech last month in Minsk, he told workers, "I am decisively in favor of political and economic stabilization, for strengthening order, so that authority is authority and not jelly." He now favors a "stable political coalition of centrist forces" that will include more than the Communist Party but exclude radical democratic groups. He apparently envisions parliament and national politics as Communist- dominated but co-opting enough dissent to keep the comrades on their toes. "It is necessary to turn the Communist Party into the integrating factor of all centrist forces," he says...
...Boris Yeltsin, 1931-2007 --> Yeltsin's decision, that day, to defy an attempt by old-line Communist Party officials to overthrow Mikhail Gorbachev came at a moment as crucial as any in Russia's long and violent history. The leaders had failed to gain control of the White House, the Russian Federation's parliamentary building and the main rallying point for pro-democracy Muscovites. When army tanks rolled up to the building on the morning of Aug. 19, Yeltsin, then the recently elected President of Russia, seized the moment. He strode outside, leapt atop an armored vehicle and delivered...
...After successfully beating off the Communist challenge in the 1996 election, he presided over a series of financial and economic crises and eventually, in 1999, installed former KGB officer Vladimir Putin as his anointed heir. (Putin inaugurated his own term by launching a second brutal war in Chechnya to reverse the concessions Yeltsin had made to end the first one.) He passed quickly from the political scene into relative obscurity as Putin launched an aggressive nationalist drive to reverse Russia's decline by reemphasizing a central role for the state in economic affairs and establishing a harsh, authoritarian regime that...