Word: communistic
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Poland's three top Communist officials, who had jousted for years with Wojtyla and his wily elder colleague Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski, 77, cabled the new Pope to tell him of the "great satisfaction" in his homeland. They also lifted travel restrictions so that 5,000 Poles could travel by trains and a private cars to the installation and another more 1,000 could take chartered flights, forming what one official called "an air bridge between Warsaw and Rome...
Across most of the non-Communist world, Wojtyla's election was warmly greeted, particularly in cities with large enclaves of Polish émigrés, like Chicago. Polish Americans were unabashedly proud. For the first time, the Atlanta Constitution's Clifford Baldowski signed one of his cartoons "Baldy Baldowski" instead of simply "Baldy": his drawing showed the new Pope writing a proclamation that said: "No more Polish jokes." Non-Poles, too, quickly identified with the "foreign" Pope as one of their own. "It is as if a Third World Cardinal had won," said Brazilian Paulo Cardinal Evaristo Arns. In Australia, where...
Ordained a priest in 1946, just as the Soviet-backed Communist Party was beginning to smother all opposition, Wojtyla did two years of doctoral work in philosophy at Rome's Pontifical Angelicum University. During this period he spent considerable time ministering to Polish refugees in Belgium, Holland and France. Returning to Poland as a parish priest and student chaplain, he spent two years of further study in ethics at Cracow's Jagiellonian, and later was appointed to a chair in moral theology. In 1954 he began teaching at the Catholic University of Lublin?the only Catholic center of higher education...
...position in his much attacked Humanae Vitae encyclical of 1968. But the book also emphasized sexual pleasure for married couples ?an advanced view for a pre-Vatican II archbishop. Wojtyla has also taken an uncompromising stand against liberalized abortion, yet another issue on which he opposes Poland's Communist regime...
...name of the factory suburb on the outskirts of Cracow is as drab and anonymous as the upright slabs of apartments that crowd its barren hills: Nowa Huta-New Foundry. Conceived by the Polish Communist state as a counterweight to "reactionary" central Cracow, Nowa Huta is home to the giant, 35,000-employee Lenin Steelworks, one of the largest in Europe. As originally planned, the town was to have schools, shops, theaters, recreation halls and a hospital-but no church. The workers wanted one. After the anti-regime riots of 1956, they won grudging permission from the state to build...