Word: computerizes
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This lockstep approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural- network computer, by contrast...
Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize the patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine. The computer responds to each example by randomly activating its circuits in a particular configuration. The trainer electronically reinforces...
Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now, most existed as software simulations because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes. At last week's convention in...
Others predict that a combination of neural networks and expert systems could solve problems too tough for either to tackle alone. Since natural intelligence consists of several ways of reasoning, the argument goes, computer engineers will have to design artificial intelligence with more than one way of processing information. Says...
This year the firm introduced a contemporary equivalent: a computerized home investment service. Nomura customers who connect their home computer to their telephone can press a few keys and bring to the screen the latest listings of stock and bond prices and other information. With a few more taps, customers can signal their investment choices...