Word: concordats
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...past century, ten divorce bills have been introduced in Parliament, but none ever got out of committee. Under the 1929 Concordat between Mussolini and the Vatican, the law was even tightened. Up to that time, foreign divorces had been recognized, giving wealthier Italians an escape hatch. The Concordat abolished this exception, and slammed shut the hatch...
...fight with Daley falls somewhat short of total war. When Daley asked for National Guard troops this month to contain disturbances on the eve of the anniversary of Martin Luther King's death, Ogilvie began moving some 5,000 soldiers within 14 minutes. But that concordat between the old rivals was a rare thing. The Governor is pushing through a stiff anti-fraud voting law aimed at the kind of ballot-box finagling for which Cook County is famous. Another Ogilvie-backed bill would make Chicago's mayoralty election nonpartisan; when candidates must run without official party labels...
What disturbs the critics is a growing conviction that too many provisions in the agreement between Italy and the Vatican are no longer relevant to the nation's needs. As Salvatore Valitutti, a Liberal Party official, put it: "The concordat of 1929 was established between a state that was not free and a church not yet reconciled to the values of freedom." Many of the concordat's provisions run counter to the intent of Italy's postwar constitution, which states that "all religious confessions are equally free before the law." But the constitution also clearly ratifies...
...concordat has thus created a number of practical difficulties. Only ecclesiastical courts have any authority to annul a marriage; religious education is mandatory in public schools, even for non-Catholic children; defrocked priests may be kept from holding positions in which they meet the public; and despite free-speech guarantees, an iconoclastic play like Rolf Hochhuth's The Deputy may be barred from performance in Rome because it allegedly defames Pope Pius...
Angry Editorials. Even some members of Italy's dominant Christian Democratic Party, despite its close ties to the Vatican, have long conceded the need for changes in the concordat. Unquestionably the most troublesome issue to be faced will be divorce, which is now impossible in Italy because the concordat's marriage clauses leave the state only with the power of granting civil separations. Angry editorials in the Vatican daily L'Osservatore Romano have already objected to recently introduced divorce legislation, and Vatican officials have privately made it clear that the papacy is not likely to move...