Word: concordats
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...priests and nuns campaigned vigorously for repeal; but many clerics defended divorce, and they were promptly disciplined by their superiors. After the balloting, Pope Paul VI expressed his "astonishment and pain" at the results. The referendum has already triggered new demands for revision of the 1929 concordat between Mussolini's government and the Vatican, which established Catholicism as Italy's official religion and still regulates church-state relations...
...country's most ominous church-state clash in more than 40 years. The regime of Generalissimo Francisco Franco was seeking to expel the Bishop of Bilbao, Antonio Añoveros Ataun, 64, for statements that sharply opposed government policy. Madrid even hinted that it might break the 1953 concordat that protects Catholicism's legal position as Spain's state religion. In response, churchmen warned that any official-presumably including Premier Carlos Arias Navarro and even the pious Caudillo himself-who moved against the bishop would be automatically excommunicated...
Indeed, Notestein was a pioneer and her achievements enduring; under the 1947 concordat for which she laid the groundwork, Radcliffe women were first admitted to the same classes attended by Harvard students. From the founding of Radcliffe in 1891 until the merger, the College had hired Harvard instructors to repeat their classes at Radcliffe...
...Venice, raised abroad by Minister of Public Works Mario Ferrari Aggradi, lies unused while dozens of local and national agencies squabble over their slices of it. Another example: the frescoes by Cimabue, Giotto, Simone Martini and Pietro Lorenzetti in the Basilica of St. Francis in Assisi. Under the 1929 Concordat between Mussolini and the Holy See, the basilica and convent of Assisi were to be given back to the Vatican. But the Holy See refused to accept them unless the buildings and their irreplaceable frescoes were wholly restored. The Italian government agreed. After 43 years of delay, the final restoration...
Before Kosygin returned to Moscow, he signed a 15-year "treaty of friendship and cooperation" with Iraq. Until recently, the Kremlin signed such pacts only with other Communist nations; within the past year, however, the Russians have reached similar agreements with Egypt and India. The concordat with Iraq, which may be followed shortly by another with Syria, is a departure from the former Soviet practice of dealing with the Arab states primarily through Cairo. It also gives the Russians a desired window on the Persian Gulf. Kosygin had scarcely taken off for home when a Soviet naval flotilla dropped anchor...