Word: conflict
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...upon world leaders. The sheer size and sophistication of the U.S. and Soviet arsenals have increased so dramatically in recent years that there is now a tremendous danger of losing control of these forces. Battlefield weapons on the European frontier, for example, present the threat of elevating a conventional conflict to a type of war that even the most experienced generals concede is almost impossible to visualize. Proliferation to nations with no shake in or conception of global nuclear balance has yet to raise a specific threat, but within the next two decades it will occur unless the superpowers...
This year three major events marked the beginning of a more permanent relationship between Harvard and the private sector. In October, the Faculty adopted a policy defining terms for determining a professor's conflict of interest between the University and private companies. In March, a Harvard Nobel laureate announced that he would give up his tenure at the end of this year in order to dedicate himself completely to his genetic company. And finally, early this April presidents from five major universities met with officials of leading biotechnological companies to draw up tentative guidelines for creating an optimal relationship between...
Faculty members disagree about what conflicts occur when they take-on responsibilities beyond the walls of Harvard. Frederick Ausubel, associate professor of Biology and a consultant for the nine-month-old Biotechnica, Inc. says a potential conflict of spirit can occur. "Can one devote all that much time to creative work at a university and at the same time have a major creative endeavor somewhere else?" he asks rhetorically...
Knowles believes that his situation--as both professor and consultant--is "not so much a conflict of interests as a conflict of commitment" Saying that extramural activities might force a professor to neglect his students and his academic commitments, he adds that it is his responsibility to make sure that does not occur. "A conflict of interest is much easier to find but a conflict of commitment can be dangerous," Knowles says, and Walter Gilbert, American Cancer Society Professor of Molecular Biology, agrees that "exploitation of students is more difficult to deal with" because it can be hidden. Neither thinks...
...professor's affiliation with a company may take a number of forms including owning stock in a company, serving on its board of directors or serving as an owner or operating officer--and university officials and professors have had difficulties determining precisely when conflicts of interest arise. The general consensus has been that strict consulting does not constitute a conflict of interest Professors at Harvard are allowed to consult one day a week but must disclose their outside involvements to the dean of Faculty. Lawrence Bogorad, Cabot Professor of Biology, says he consults a few days a year to "discuss...