Word: confucian
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...When Hiddink first came onboard in January 2001, Korean football, like the country's ossified corporate conglomerates, was straitjacketed by Confucian tradition. The seniority system in place permeated the locker room, the dining hall and even the playing field. Older players determined the pace of Korea's game. Many of the junior set felt intimidated just looking their elders in the eye when talking to them, which hardly promoted teamwork...
...attributed this silence about domestic violence to the traditionally patriarchal Confucian culture...
...There are many theories as to why China curtailed its maritime aspirations in the mid-15th century. The simplest is that the Confucians prevailed. The imperial bureaucracy sought to contain the expansionary ambitions of its sailors and the increasing power of its merchant class: Confucian ideology venerates authority and agrarian ways, not innovation and trade. "Barbarian" nations were thought to offer little of value to China. Other factors contributed: the renovation of the north-south Grand Canal, for one, facilitated grain transport and other internal commerce in gentle inland waters, obviating the need for an ocean route...
...philosophical dispute is far more than a historical curiosity. Through the centuries, China has struggled to find its proper place in the world. The pendulum has shifted back and forth between openness and insularity, between the spirit embodied in Zheng He and that of, say, Yang Rong, the Confucian tutor to the Emperor who argued for rolling back the power of eunuch adventurers like Zheng He. The Confucians won; China wouldn't emerge again as a naval force until the past decade or so, as it began to build up a sizable fleet, probe disputed islands like the Spratlys...
...cities, the need to tweak the old policy is urgent. The coddled offspring of the one-child policy are reaching adulthood, and many show little sense of family obligation. "They're rebelling against all sense of family," says sociologist Li Yinhe. In a once unthinkable break with Confucian tradition, many refuse to care for their elders. China's graying population is expected to peak in 2040, and there is no mechanism in place to finance its welfare...