Word: confucianism
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...foundation of private enterprise is already firmly established in the countries along the Pacific Rim, which has been the world's fastest-growing region in the past ten years. Their prosperity is based on a unique mixture of planning and enterprise sometimes called Confucian capitalism. Says Edward Chen, director of the Center of Asian Studies at the University of Hong Kong, about newly industrialized Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore: "The government always leaves some room for the private sector to excel and to compete and to get a reasonable rate of profit." Stressing education, hard work and social harmony, state...
...remote, isolated areas in Kampuchea have made a leap so broad that they do not understand gas stoves, toilets or refrigeration. But only women immigrants have been taught to be, or at least , to appear to be, passive, obedient and submissive. A Vietnamese woman, for example, finds that the Confucian ideals of cong, dung, ngon and hanh -- versatile homemaker, subtle beauty, soft voice, gentle behavior -- do not always work as survival skills in the U.S. Said one such woman to her counselor in California: "It is harder to learn to be aggressive than I thought...
...stir hatreds, but if anything, the new Asians at least may be more welcome than most of the Italians in the generation of Lee Iaccoca's father. So many of the Asians come from the middle class, or aspire to the middle class, and are driven by a stern Confucian ethic...
Under Japan's old Confucian and Meiji codes, the role of the Japanese woman was well defined and faithfully followed: to obey her father, then her husband and finally, in old age, her sons. Even those women who make up roughly one- third of the Japanese work force have been treated as a species apart. They have been banned by law from working more than two hours of overtime in any day or, with a few exceptions, past 10 at night, and allowed monthly menstrual leave with full pay in certain strenuous jobs. All that changed last week when, after...
...immense struggle of the wills of the people who came here, a struggle of cultural and moral energy and discipline. The American Indians' story represents an immense tragedy, a catastrophic demoralization, almost a cultural extinction. Then one sees certain Korean Americans, with their sharp commercial energy, their Confucian family discipline and, often, very rapid rise (in one generation) from vegetable stand to Harvard Medical School. American blacks still struggle between the two states of mind, the one leading toward disintegration, the other toward success and acceptance...