Word: confucius
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Since the anti-Lin Piao, anti-Confucius campaign was launched with great fanfare early this year, it has given rise to a number of puzzling events. First "revisionist" (i.e., vaguely anti-Maoist) operas were vigorously attacked, and members of the Politburo were criticized in wall posters. For several months it seemed that Premier Chou En-lai himself was under pressure from leftist factions in the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party. Many observers were predicting that the campaign heralded some major new development-perhaps on the scale of the Cultural Revolution of 1966-69. In recent weeks, however, the mysterious...
...MASSERMAN, U.S. psychoanalyst: Leaders must fulfill three functions -provide for the well-being of the led, provide a social organization in which people feel relatively secure, and provide them with one set of beliefs. People like Pasteur and Salk are leaders in the first sense. People like Gandhi and Confucius, on one hand, and Alexander, Caesar and Hitler on the other, are leaders in the second and perhaps the third sense. Jesus and Buddha belong in the third category alone. Perhaps the greatest leader of all times was Mohammed, who combined all three functions. To a lesser degree, Moses...
WILLIAM McNEILL, U.S. historian (University of Chicago): If you measure leadership by impact, then you would have to name Jesus, Buddha, Mohammed, Confucius, the great prophets of the world. Among political leaders, Alexander may have been the greatest. He brought the Greek and Oriental civilizations together, and it's hard to conceive of this happening without his personal intervention. Lenin and Woodrow Wilson, who set the terms for political discussion. But both pale before two 19th century intellectual giants, Sigmund Freud and Lenin's own mentor, Karl Marx, the secular prophets of our time...
There has been other evidence that the radical-moderate feud has heated up. Over the past two weeks, posters have appeared on walls within view of the municipal office building accusing "Official XX" of "keeping the lid" on the anti-Confucius campaign. The target is believed to be Peking's top official, Wu Teh, a moderate and a supporter of Premier Chou Enlai. However, the moderates struck back with posters defending "Official XX." They denounced the authors of the earlier posters as "bad elements" who "indulge in fabrication, lies and calumny...
...Russia. To 150 million Chinese, this Manchu monarch was lawgiver, supreme judge, jury, protector and executioner, and one of the busiest executives in history. He supervised a vast civil service meritocracy laid down on Confucian principles that recognized society as a hierarchy of intelligence over ignorance. Like Confucius, K'ang-hsi viewed statecraft as applied knowledge in the service of the governed, and he worried about his people before they worried about themselves...