Word: controllable
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Some 1,200 miles to the southeast, in the Armenian Republic, the upheaval set in motion by the Sumgait riots was still under way, though in muffled fashion. Since February, Armenians have been in near open revolt over Moscow's refusal to transfer to Armenian control the mountain enclave of Nagorno- Karabakh (pop. about 160,000), where an Armenian majority has lived under Azerbaijani rule for nearly 70 years. Demonstrations first erupted when news began trickling back into Yerevan, the Armenian capital, that Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh were being beaten, raped and killed by Azerbaijanis, people who are ethnically related...
...seriously contemplate secession from the Soviet Union. "Look at us, surrounded by Turkey and Iran," says an Armenian party official. "Secession would be the stupidest thing we could do. We'd be swallowed up immediately." His comments are backed by history: for several centuries, Armenians and Turks fought for control of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range, which borders Asia Minor. During that struggle, Armenians often turned to their Russian neighbors for + help. In the 19th century, Russians and Armenians built a string of fortress cities along what is now the Soviet-Turkish border...
Next month the movement to return Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenian control will attempt to broaden its character by transforming itself into a Baltic-style Armenian All-National Movement. Like similar organizations in Estonia and Lithuania, the group will officially be committed to supporting perestroika, though its agenda may not be identical to Moscow's. So far, the group's organizers have not announced a specific program, but they are expected to press for issues such as more Armenian-language instruction in schools, greater economic independence for the region, and the right to establish embassies in other Soviet republics with cities...
...Alma Ata to protest the appointment of an ethnic Russian as party first secretary of Kazakhstan. In July 1987, Crimean Tatars demanded the right to return to their homeland on the Black Sea, from which they were removed in 1944. Last February, Armenians and Azerbaijanis began to clash over control of Nagorno-Karabakh, a predominantly Armenian enclave south of the Caucasus. And last week in the Estonian capital of Tallinn, the local supreme soviet turned down constitutional amendments proposed by Moscow and voiced new demands for sovereignty. Two days later, the Lithuanian supreme soviet raised similar objections, but stopped short...
...managers of the 80-year-old church-owned paper of plans to reduce the Monitor's size, run less breaking news and cut the staff by one- fourth. Earlier this month, Atlanta Journal and Constitution editor Bill Kovach quit in a dispute with owner Cox Enterprises over the control of budgets, staffing and Washington reporting. Although the two cases differ in specific respects, both boil down to a single issue: management's role in determining the editorial direction of the papers...