Word: conviction
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...according to accounts in the Soviet press, the example set by Stalin in arraigning as traitors to Russia her greatest military leaders has been followed by an epidemic of soldiers denouncing their officers before Red Army courts-martial, these made up of other officers afraid not to convict lest they in turn be denounced, no matter how flimsy the evidence or grudge. Firing squads have been crackling all over Russia at such a rate that even the official Red Army organ Krasnaia Zvezda ("Red Star") has expressed concern at the "great depletion of regimental, brigade and divisional commanders...
...Texas." New York's Rabbi Stephen Samuel Wise said he was "the greatest rabbi we've got." Jacob Schiff gave him $500,000 to set up a Jewish Immigrants' Information Bureau in Galveston, Tex., to attract more Jews to the Southwest. Author O. Henry, onetime convict, kindled his interest in parole work, in which he became a U. S. leader. With a shotgun over his shoulder and a bottle of whiskey in his pocket, he led citizens in keeping order after the Galveston hurricane of 1900. At a public dinner, when addressed in Hebrew by the late...
...social life of big prisons such as Sing Sing, convicts tend to form groups, and each group has a leader. The phenomenon of leadership in prisons is of considerable interest to prison officials, because they think that leaders are troublemakers. It is also of interest to sociologists as a part of general convict psychology. In Sing Sing, Richard Whitney is a celebrity and a man apart, but he is not likely to become a group leader. This was indicated last week by a thoroughgoing analysis of leadership in prison which appeared in the Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology...
...Clemmer analyzed 14 convict leaders ranging in age from 26 to 48, in mental age from nine years plus to 18 years. The average mental age was 15, which is higher than that of the adult population of the U. S. (13 years 6 months). Only two, however, had had schooling beyond the eighth grade. One of these had two years of high school and the other quit college during freshman year...
...subject of prison leadership, one unusually literate convict wrote as follows: "Historical heroes-leaders who have received the loudest acclaim from biographers have been warriors who led their people to conquest or freedom. Their dominant characteristics have been many-selfish Napoleon, ambitious Alexander, patriotic Washington, bigoted Cromwell. Would any of these be recognized as leaders in our modern prisons? I think not. They would be known within the walls as 'handshakers,' 'administration men,' and 'rats...