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...scribble provide this useful disillusion today. A few decades ago, the clay feet -- frostbitten, of course -- were those of polar explorers. Wally Herbert, who reached the North Pole by dogsled in 1969, writes knowledgeably about two of the most fascinating of the fakers: Robert E. Peary and Dr. Frederick Cook, archrivals in heroics and fraud...
...Noose of Laurels is a fascinating account of what might be called the psychopathology of exploration. It presents not just the evidence of its subjects' misdeeds -- or nondeeds -- but the details of two extraordinary lives. Despite his claims, Cook never really tried to reach the North Pole. In 1908 he simply set up a camp with two Eskimo boys near the shore of the Arctic Ocean, stayed there for a number of days, then returned home and announced success. Peary tried repeatedly, with all his energy, and in 1909, at the age of 53, nearly made it. But the speeds...
...Peary-Cook rivalry began peaceably. Cook, nine years younger, was a steady, valued medical officer on Peary's first Arctic expedition. But Peary jealously guarded the acclaim he earned from the geographical establishment and the millionaires who ran it, so Cook set out on his own. Before long Peary was slurring Cook with the comment that the Arctic "brings a man face to face with himself . . . If he is a man, the man comes out; and if he is a cur, the cur shows as quickly...
Contestants in the hero game had to produce results to keep their wealthy backers interested, and Herbert makes it clear that Peary feigned a "farthest north" record at about the time Cook, astonishingly, was counterfeiting a first ascent of Denali (Mount McKinley). To what degree Peary admitted to himself that he was a fraud is unknown. So is the extent to which Matthew Henson, his unswerving black assistant, understood the fudging. Herbert writes sympathetically of all these voyagers, whose real accomplishments were extraordinary. They were married to the Arctic, and perhaps the truth of the matter was that if they...
...arise because of their lack of the male's physical strength. Culinary Institute graduate Woodhull's is possibly the most obvious. "It's more stupid to do something dangerous in the kitchen than to ask for help. And asking for help doesn't mean you're not a good cook," she points out. On the other hand, advises Lynn Sheehan, a student at San Francisco's California Culinary Academy, where nearly half the 400 students are women, "if you feel you need more upper-body strength, go work out." Elizabeth Terry, the chef-owner of Elizabeth on 37th in Savannah...