Word: coppers
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Economic difficulties have also contributed to Popular Unity's problems. The 1970 nationalization of the nation's largest industry, copper, mining and smelting, was followed by a production decline as American firms departed for good, taking their expertise with them...
Allende has charged that the nationalization has prompted a retaliatory United States trade boycott. His claim seems justified: Anaconda and Kennecott Copper, giants on the American corporate landscape, were crippled by the move, and one-side-revelation of the ITT case last year was that the conglomerate contemplated toppling Popular Unity to safeguard its investments...
Despite Chile's difficulties, support for Popular Unity is growing. The profits from copper, once extracted for American corporate barons, now benefit the Chilean people, and the country is now the master of its own economic destiny. Social reforms have added to Allende's already broad base of support among the working class and peasant Chileans...
Both landlocked countries, Zambia and Rhodesia were forced into an uneasy cohabitation by economic necessity. Zambia needed Rhodesia to transport half of its copper to the Indian Ocean port of Beira in Mozambique for shipment to world markets; Rhodesia needed the $25 million a year that the copper shipments brought its railroad in transit revenue. The arrangement-a triumph of pragmatism over politics-has now been scuttled by a series of guerrilla attacks by exiled black Rhodesian rebels who operate under an umbrella organization called FROLIZI (Front for the Liberation of Zimbabwe-the African term for Rhodesia). After a particularly...
Smith had hoped that by shutting the border and cutting road and rail links with Zambia (while leaving rail lines open for copper shipments) he could force the Zambian government to crack down on the rebels. The scheme backfired badly. Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda, who had previously given the guerrillas little encouragement, promptly stopped shipping copper through Rhodesia, a move that could mean financial disaster for the country's money-losing railroad. "History may prove it was the wrong decision," Smith conceded last week...