Word: copyrights
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...software, even the systems software inside the computer, can be protected by copyright, but that does not stop dedicated pirates. Ric Giardina, general counsel of MicroPro, which publishes WordStar, estimates that as many as 20 fraudulent copies of a program may be made for every one sold. Manufacturers are aggressively defending their products. In February Lotus Development sued Rixon, a Silver Spring, Md., computer-accessory manufacturer, for $10 million, charging it made copies of Lotus' popular business program 1-2-3 for its own use. Declared Lotus President Kapor: "Software piracy is the theft of intellectual property." When...
...wish we could. Any smart kid can figure out how to break into a game." Some companies plot profits around the safeguards built into the software; once the pirates have cracked the codes, sales quickly fall off. No one in the industry can accurately estimate the extent of the copyright theft involving games...
...front. The powerful Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) wants to see software treated as industrial property covered by patent law, which allows for only 15 years of protection. The U.S. Government argues that software is intellectual property and should be protected for up to 50 years under copyright treaties. Mill is also pushing for an arbitration system, in which software developers could be legally obliged to make certain products available to competitors if the product is considered "highly useful to the public interest." U.S. officials are extremely wary of the arbitration proposal, and negotiations are stalemated...
...three members of the Court joined Justice Black man in supposing just nearly that. Tracing copyright law back to a constitutional desire to "Promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited time to Authors and Inventors the exclusive right of their respective Writings," Blackmun then concludes that "at least when the proposed use is an unproductive one, a copyright owner need only prove a potential for harm to the market for or the value of the copyrighted work...
...Blackmun and the three other judges pass roughly over their notions of "unproductive use" and potential harm "to the market for or the value of the copyrighted work." At the very least, the reproduction used by teachers and scholars may be useful for showing examples of television shows in a television criticism class for scholarship, teaching or research as defined by the copyright act itself. Whatever the original fears of Disney and Universal over the uses of Betamax, the remaining 90 percent or more of the industry has yet to express any legal challenge...