Word: corneal
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...transplanting corneas from one eye to another has been known for more than 100 years, but surgeons are still trying to improve it. For two days in Manhattan last week, eye specialists from the U.S. and eight foreign countries discussed the delicate operation at the first International Symposium on Corneal Surgery ever held, sponsored by the Eye-Bank for Sight Restoration...
...ophthalmologists examined patients who had regained their sight through the Eye-Bank, heard reports on new experimental work, discussed techniques, looked at movies of corneal grafting made in the U.S., Spain and France. An unusual suggestion for the future of corneal grafting was made by Dr. Mauno Vannas, on leave from Finland's University of Helsinki. If enough eyes are available, he said, it might be possible to correct such ordinary defects in vision as near-and farsightedness by grafting new corneas. The operation might, for instance, make use of contact lenses unnecessary. But eyes are still scarce. Only...
Last year, with eyes from the eye bank, 333 corneal graft operations were performed, 90% of them successful. The operation can restore sight only when blindness is caused by damage to the cornea. Among conditions the operation cannot cure is glaucoma...
...corneal operation is "a relatively simple procedure," according to Manhattan Ophthalmologist R. Townley Paton, one of the bank's founders. Chief requirements are a skilled surgeon and good eye material to work with. One eye will restore sight to three others because all the corneal tissue can be used (the cornea covers the whole iris), but each transplant needs to be only about average pupil size (see cut). Bandages come off in three or four days; stitches are out in a week...
...will solicit funds and healthy eyes. (Eyes are given by bequest and arrangements with surviving relatives, or by gift from people who must lose them by surgery.) The money will be used to provide scholarships to doctors all over the U.S. who want to learn the corneal grafting technique, and to establish bank branches wherever they are needed...