Word: cortexes
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...left frontal region is the area of the brain behind the temple. The left temporal lobe is the area behind that. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified the parahippocamal cortex, the inner wall of the left temporal region, as particularly important in memory formation. Due to advances in MRI techniques, the activated regions can now be localized with greater precision than previously possible...
When your eye sees an object, the image is first processed by your retina, then by a lower brain area, and then by the cerebral cortex. The image first goes to the least specialized region of the cortex, known as V1. As information is subject to more processing, it goes to higher and more specialized areas of the visual cortex designated as V2, V3 and so forth...
...normal brain, the cortex controls conscious processes, such as the spatial relations needed to accurately represent faces and geometric patterns, while the sub-cortex controls the unconscious. But Pontius says a highly-stressed brain can transfer some of the cortical processing to the sub-cortex and save about 250 milliseconds in the process...
...have performed an even more remarkable service to modern medicine by establishing a link between metabolic disorders like glutaric aciduria and cerebral palsy. Most practitioners have long believed that oxygen deprivation or trauma at or before birth causes cerebral palsy, a motor disorder that reflects injury to the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. But Dr. Karin Nelson at the National Institutes of Health, as well as colleagues at other research centers, has concluded that these causes do not explain most cases of the disease. "Holmes Morton has given us fresh insight into the source of cerebral palsy," says Nelson. Adds...
...measure how well cells are functioning, to probe the brains of dozens of people in the active throes of depression. Then they merged the results and compared them with those from a comparable number of normal patients. The pet scans showed a subtle but distinct difference: the subgenual prefrontal cortex was almost 8% less active in depressed patients than in the controls...