Word: cosmically
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...suddenly. This action cools the air by expansion and makes it "supersaturated" with water vapor which will condense into water droplets if given proper nuclei to condense upon. Fast-moving atomic particles provide the nuclei by ionizing (electrifying) the normally neutral atoms of the air. So particles (e.g., cosmic rays from outer space) that pass through the cloud chamber become visible as thin white trails of water droplets...
...chamber in operation, the felt under its cover is saturated with methyl (wood) alcohol. The alcohol vapor diffuses downward, becoming colder as it approaches the dry ice at the bottom. At some point in its downward motion it makes the air supersaturated. In this sensitive layer, cosmic rays or other fast-moving atomic particles leave trails that show up in a flashlight beam as brilliant white streaks...
...American classics, Wilder claimed, speak to a cosmic "man," unlike much Continental literature of the 18th and 19th centuries which addressed particular nationalities. It is a literature which discarded the conventions of "time secession," recognizing that experience is not regulated by a chronological order of events, and thus opening a new sphere of psychological narration...
...Pontecorvo stayed above suspicion. Last July he resigned from Harwell to take a post at the University of Liverpool, which has one of Britain's finest atomic research departments. He was doing work on tritium, key element for the hydrogen bomb; he was also keenly interested in cosmic ray research. Before going to Liverpool, Pontecorvo planned a holiday...
Carbon 14, faintly radioactive, is formed in the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays. AH carbon in living things contains a tiny amount of it, but after the death of an organism, its carbon 14 gradually disintegrates; half of it disappears in about 5,800 years. The amount that has disappeared is a reasonably accurate measure of the object...