Word: cosmologists
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...theory that led to the experiment goes back to 1953, when British Cosmologist Thomas Gold suggested that the initial pulse from the sun might be a shock wave analogous to the shock wave produced in air by a plane breaking through the sound barrier. Professor Gold knew that gas in interplanetary space is too thin to carry ordinary shock waves, which propagate by gas molecules bumping against each other. But solar shock waves, he argued, are different. They are caused by solar magnetic fields expanding suddenly into space and pushing ionized gas ahead of them. "It is a bit like...
Radiation Erosion. The newest and most radical moon theory was developed by British Cosmologist Thomas Gold, now at Harvard. Professor Gold agrees that the moon was pockmarked long ago by large meteors, and it may have been built up entirely by such accretion. But he does not think that the smooth, dark areas that are called maria (seas), because early astronomers thought they were exactly that, are filled with lava. He thinks that they are low places full of fine dust that was removed by a kind of erosion from the moon's highlands. In some places...
...cosmic questions-How did the universe begin? How will it end?-British Cosmologist Fred Hoyle had a pair of startling answers: It had no beginning and will have no end. Instead, according to Hoyle. the universe is a steady state that is infinite in space and time and has a constant density maintained by the creation of new matter to compensate for the thinning of matter by expansion (TIME, Sept...
...principal exponent of this theory is Thomas Gold of Britain's Royal Greenwich Observatory, Cosmologist Gold recently developed his ideas for a British university audience. By measuring the size of the moon's craters, the slope of thier sides, and the distance to which debris has been dispersed around them, Gold concluded that they were scooped out by huge meteorites bombarding the moon from outer space at speeds of 112,000 m.p.h. At the point of impact, says Gold, the moon's surface rock must have been gasified at temperatures...
...occurs at different times of the lunar day will indicate whether the sun's rays are being scattered by tiny dust particles or by solid surface. "Within two or three months we should know definitely," says Professor Zdenek Kopal, who will take charge of the experiment. Meantime, says Cosmologist Gold, spaceship pilots are advised not to land on the lunar plains...