Word: cosmonauts
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...first cosmonaut to blast off was Major Andrian Grigorievich Nikolaev, 32, a country boy from the Volga valley who had been the standby for both Yuri Gagarin and Gherman Titov on their previous orbital flights. Soon after he was aloft in his spaceship Vostok III, Nikolaev, or "Falcon," as he called himself during radio transmission to the earth, was in touch with Soviet tracking stations and trawlers at sea packed with electronic gear, including some close by the U.S. east coast. U.S. and other Western radio monitors heard Nikolaev's voice loud and clear. Every 88 minutes, Vostok...
Black, Black Sky. Exactly 23 hours and 32 minutes after Nikolaev's blastoff, just as he was breaking Titov's record by completing his 18th orbit, Moscow announced triumphantly that a second cosmonaut, Ukrainian-born Lt. Col. Pavel Romanovich Popovich, 31, had been hurled into space in a capsule called Vostok IV. Within an hour, the two space craft had established radio contact with each other, and Nikolaev reported to control headquarters that he was watching Vostok IV through his porthole. Plotting the radio signals, scientists outside Russia estimated that the two space craft were 74.5 miles apart...
...that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth." At that moment the U.S. was behind in the race to get men into space. The Russians had already shot Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on an orbit around the earth; blazing a trail for future space travelers, they had taken pictures of the unseen face of the moon. U.S. Astronaut Alan Shepard had been forced to settle for a brief 302-mile arc that was sadly short of orbit...
Closer in to his capsule, though, Carpenter did solve a mystery: he satisfied himself that he had identified the glowing, drifting objects that intrigued both Glenn and Soviet Cosmonaut Titov. Space fireflies, Carpenter concluded, are only particles (presumably flecks of paint) from the capsule's skin. He proved the point by producing flocks of bright floating specks every time he rapped hard on his capsule's wall...
After the easy, articulate warmth of its own astronaut. Colonel John Glenn, the U.S. was surprised last week by the somewhat uncommunicative attitude of Russian Cosmonaut Gherman Stepanovich Titov. Sent to the U.S. to share his hard-won knowledge of travel in space with Glenn and COSPAR (Committee on Space Research), Titov seemed under orders from home to do nothing of the sort. In press conferences and TV interviews, he was always guarded and reluctant in his replies, though often breezy enough when it came to enjoying the crowds...