Word: costs
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...towering plant was built in Japan and towed in two sections last year to Brazil's interior, where it began start-up operations six months ago. The centerpiece of an industrial and agricultural complex of audacious scope and cost, the plant stands on a company-owned property of about 5,800 sq. mi., which is larger than Connecticut. The pulp factory and its ancillaries cost $400 million to construct. A companion plant is expected to be towed up the river and put in operation by the mid-1980s. To feed the plants with young trees, a vast reforestation...
Since Brazilian law prohibits a corporation from profiting from the many services necessary in running a community, the Jari enterprise must give away or sell at no profit a large range of services and amenities. It operates a supermarket where goods are sold at just above cost, provides free meals to employees in company cafeterias and runs an air shuttle service that charges no fares...
...lack of satisfactory living conditions in the rough territory has contributed to a debilitating rate of turnover, more than 50% a year. This adds enormously to the cost of training programs that Ludwig's managers must conduct in order to acquaint the largely backwoods work force with modern machines...
...Jari, Ludwig ignores the successful projects to concentrate on problem areas. Like a conceptual architect who carries the blueprints in his mind, he supervises new undertakings down to the most minute detail. Yet he is becoming less dictatorial. The present project chief, John Trescot Jr., 54, an ace cost cutter who has been on the job for six months, claims that he can actually argue with him over decisions. Ludwig is beginning to accept a substantial dilution of his authority. He has created an eight-man committee that exercises an overall policymaking role. Also, Ludwig has willed Jari...
Until now, in order to run the operation as a one-man show, Ludwig has even refused Brazilian tax credits that could have saved him roughly 50% of his own investment. However, since the next stage will cost $650 million to $750 million and perhaps much more, he is seeking to line up credit from American and European financial institutions...