Word: coulds
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...timing of the offensive may also reflect the guerrillas' unease with developments in Eastern Europe. Just two months ago, F.M.L.N. Commander Joaquin Villalobos admitted that his forces could no longer "aspire to an armed revolution that the Soviet Union will subsidize." Since then the pace of change in Eastern Europe has accelerated so quickly that the F.M.L.N. may be worried that it will be forgotten by its Communist patrons. Toward that end, the F.M.L.N. may have been reminding both the Cristiani and Bush administrations that with or without foreign Communist support, the guerrillas must be part of any eventual settlement...
...quasars, astronomers have so far failed to solve one of the most basic mysteries of the cosmos: What does the universe look like? The heavens appear just as two dimensional through powerful modern telescopes as they did to the eyes of the ancient Greeks, and until recently, no one could say for sure whether the myriad galaxies were organized in some meaningful way. Astrophysicists are fiercely competing to discover how the universe evolved into its present structure, but they cannot test their theories until they know what that structure...
Huchra, who made the telescopic observations for the Harvard-Smithsonian team, used an instrument called a spectrograph to break down each galaxy's light into its constituent colors. Within the spectrum he could see lines representing various elements in and around the galaxy's stars. These lines appear to be shifted toward the red end of the spectrum, depending on how fast the galaxy is moving and thus how far away from earth it is. By carefully measuring the degree of red shift, Huchra and Geller calculated the relative positions of the galaxies...
...posing something of a problem for theorists. Says Jeremiah Ostriker, chairman of Princeton's astrophysics department: "There is no theory using conventional physics that can explain these structures without causing other inconsistencies." Ostriker has coauthored a quite unconventional scenario involving hypothetical objects called cosmic strings. These strings, he believes, could generate explosive bursts of energy that would in turn create the bubbles...
...another idea, called the cold dark matter theory, has gathered more support. This theory postulates an as yet undiscovered form of exotic subatomic particle that pervades the universe. The presence of this mysterious "dark matter" could explain why most galaxies -- including our Milky Way -- seem, judging from measurements of gravitational forces, to contain about ten times as much invisible matter as they do visible stars, gas and dust. The existence of dark matter is needed to fill the gaps in some of the Grand Unified Theories that physicists have concocted to account for the fundamental structure of matter and energy...