Word: coupes
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...inherited 37 years ago was not only backward and riven by tribal conflict but notoriously unstable: there had not been a single peaceful succession since Cyrus the Great in the 6th century B.C. In the two decades before his army officer father, Reza Shah, seized power in a military coup in 1921, there had been five different Shahs, a civil war and several coups d'état. In 1941 the Shah's father, a German sympathizer, was forced to abdicate when the Allies needed a secure route to channel war supplies to Russia. British and Soviet forces occupied Iran...
...April a leftist junta overthrew and killed President Mohammad Daoud. American policymakers are reserving judgment on the nature and course of the new regime, but in Tehran and Islamabad the judgment is in, and it is thoroughly pessimistic, if somewhat alarmist. Iranian and Pakistani officials are certain that the coup was instigated by Moscow. After more than a century as a neutral buffer state in the great game, Afghanistan, they say, is now a Soviet satellite. "We, Pakistan, are now the buffer state," argues a foreign office man in Islamabad...
When asked what they think the U.S. should have done to stop the April coup or what the U.S. should do now about Afghanistan, Iranian and Pakistani critics merely lapse into vague expressions of frustration; they have few recommendations. But that, too, is part of the problem with CENTO: it is afflicted with a profound, inarticulate discontent with American policy, which is viewed as "retreat," "withdrawal," "failure of will" or "abandonment...
...withdrawal of all foreign aid except to the military, wholesale cuts in World Bank, Export-Import Bank, private sector bank loans and credits to Chile, payments of millions of CIA dollars to finance anti-Allende demonstrations and mouth-pieces such as El Mercurio, and direct CIA encouragement for the coup. U.S. multinational corporations such as ITT also funded anti-Allende subversion, although ITT executives have avoided jail because the U.S. government says too many "national security secrets" would come out in a trial...
...this was directed against a democratically-elected president whose government, despite the U.S.-sponsored economic destabilization, managed to increase its popular vote plurality from 36 per cent in 1970 to 43 per cent in 1973, six months before the coup. So much for democracy...