Word: covington
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...outskirts of Flagstaff, Ariz., Wally Covington drives his pickup truck through a forest choked with nearly impenetrable thickets of ponderosa pines. At last he arrives at the spot where, 10 years ago, he and his colleagues took chain saws to hundreds of trees no bigger than telephone poles, carted off the trunks and branches, and then set fires to clear away the understory. Today the result of these Bunyanesque labors is a marvel to behold, a sun-dappled woodland arched over by the branches of 300-year-old trees and, in the spaces between them, a profusion of grasses...
This is the way the ponderosa pine forests of the American Southwest used to look, says Covington, director of the Ecological Restoration Institute at Northern Arizona University, and it is the way they could look again if thinned of an unnatural density of trees. But time is running out, he fears, for owing to more than a century of mismanagement, these once magnificent forests--along with the communities expanding around their fringes--are threatened by the elemental force that at one time sustained them--fire...
This summer, with blazes erupting once again across the West--from Arizona to Montana, Idaho, the Pacific Northwest and Canada--the concerns long raised by Covington and others are fueling an intense debate. Should the U.S. Forest Service, in the name of protecting communities and restoring ecological balance, authorize tree thinning on a massive scale? If it does, what size trees ought to be thinned and in what sorts of forests? And if it does not, what are the alternatives...
...than at establishing a broadly acceptable framework for action. Fearful that thinning might become Orwellspeak for logging, environmental groups have taken the position that cutting down small trees is appropriate only as a protective measure in the forested strips that abut human settlements. Uncomfortably wedged in the middle are Covington and his allies, who see thinning, undertaken responsibly, as perhaps our last chance to restore ecological health to an increasingly dysfunctional landscape...
...Covington the unexpected loss of so many old-growth specimens was a wake-up call. Before setting fire loose in the forest again, he concluded that the forest had to be made more fire tolerant, and that meant restoring it to its original structure. For guidance, he and his colleagues turned to old photographs and historic texts, all of which confirmed that prior to European settlement, the ponderosa pine forests of the Southwest looked very different, with "every foot...covered with the finest grass," wrote a traveler who passed through the area in the mid-1800s, "and unencumbered with brush...