Word: crackdowns
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...crucial step toward political sovereignty is liberation of the economy from the all-but-worthless ruble. The Balts have arranged to print their own money in the West, but they have not dared put it into circulation since that might provoke a full-scale crackdown by the Kremlin. Meanwhile, the Ukraine is about to start distributing specially stamped rubles that can be spent only inside the republic, where goods are cheaper and more plentiful than elsewhere in the U.S.S.R. The Ukrainian ruble will thus be, de facto, a separate currency. In addition, the parliament is moving to privatize property...
Mikhail Gorbachev's crackdown in the Baltics has not stopped two other republics from defying the Soviet military. A U.S. analyst monitoring the U.S.S.R. says there is virtually an open border between Iran and the Central Asian state of TURKMENISTAN and parts of AZERBAIJAN. Bowing to popular pressure, border guards have deserted their posts, allowing a free flow of goods and people in both directions...
...Baltic leaders have made progress in reassuring their own minorities, especially ethnic Russians, that they are entitled to full rights of citizenship. A revealing moment came during the central authorities' brutal but abortive crackdown in January. Not only did Kremlin agents fail to goad the Balts into armed resistance, which would have provided a pretext for more bloodshed, but local ethnic Russians also refused to form a pro-Moscow fifth column. Instead many sided with the secessionists...
...seeking any vessel out of their blighted country, braced for a new exodus. While communist leader Ramiz Alia remains the head of both state and party, he could have trouble continuing the concessions that led to free elections. Party hard- liners are in the ascendant, and last week's crackdown could even signal a return to the bad old days of Stalinist-style repression...
...hopes its expose will spur China and Taiwan, which has strict regulations that are rarely applied, to greater enforcement of their laws. The report recommends a crackdown on hunters and more funds for enforcement. But even if the governments commit themselves, it could be centuries before the animal populations recover from what has already been done. "It will take 400 to 500 years before any headway is really made," says Hu Jinchu, an expert on pandas at the Nanchong Normal College in Sichuan. "We've wrested too much from nature...