Word: cracked
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Inspired by these experiments, Watson, then a young Ph.D. in biology from Indiana University, decided to take a crack at the complex structure of DNA itself. The same thought struck Crick, a physicist turned biologist who was preparing for his doctorate at Cambridge. Neither man was particularly well equipped to undertake a task so formidable that it had stymied one of the world's most celebrated chemists, Linus Pauling. Watson, for his part, was deficient in chemistry, crystallography and mathematics. Crick, on the other hand, was almost totally ignorant of genetics. But together, in less than two years of work...
...They demonstrated that RNA formed from only one or two base units could not effect the manufacture of proteins. But when they added a third base unit, protein formation began immediately. It remained, however, for an unknown young biochemist named Marshall Nirenberg, at the National Institutes of Health, to crack the code itself. That same year Nirenberg had succeeded in building up short, synthetic strands of RNA out of only one type of base. Invariably, this artificial RNA induced the manufacture of chains of proteins consisting of only one type of amino acid, phenylalanine. The conclusion was inescapable...
...liberation effort is not supported directly by any government, and you know without government support, it's rather hard to build. The financial resources that must be committed are very substantial. So I don't say it's anything easy. But it's there and it'll crack one of these days...
...this temporary advantage, the allies have paid dearly. Though the U.S. toll has been relatively light-69 dead or missing, 64 wounded, 73 helicopters destroyed-the South Vietnamese suffered considerable casualties. Saigon admits to 918 ARVN dead, but unofficial estimates put the toll closer to 2,000 crack troops dead or missing and another 4,000 wounded. Compared with Cambodia, Lam Son has so far yielded only one-fourth as many captured enemy weapons, one-half as much ammunition, one-fifth as much rice and about the same number of enemy dead-at a cost of about seven times...
...summon considerable courage, even when outnumbered 3 to 1 or more. Yet it is also clear that the key to ARVN survival in Laos has been the lavish use of U.S. airpower. For their part, senior South Vietnamese officers say that Laos has exposed some leadership problems even in crack ARVN units, and the lesson, they judge, is that Vietnamization has proceeded "too fast." Moreover, it may be six months or more before the seven first-rank ARVN Ranger, Marine and 1st Infantry battalions put out of action so far (another four battalions have endured moderate to heavy casualties...