Word: craftsmen
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Emigrants from London, 83 percent of whom were male, were often drawn by the fortunes that could be made in the American iron industry and the rapidly growing construction business. Craftsmen of all kinds were in demand in the booming colonies, especially in Maryland, Pennsylvania and New York. Bailyn identifies the hardships of living in the great metropolis of London as an important motivation for emigration, terming the city with typical flair, "a tumultuous human agglomeration abounding in contrasts between wealth and poverty, elegance and brutality, beauty and squalor...
...Soviet Union has long unofficially condoned elements of capitalism in its nominally all-Communist society. Craftsmen and professionals regularly moonlight to supplement their state-regulated salaries. The practice is called nalevo (working "to the left"). Last week the Supreme Soviet made much nalevo legal by passing a law that allows 29 types of private business, including carpentry and auto repair. One reason for the legislation is that it enables the state to collect added revenues. Practitioners of nalevo must now + register with their local governments and annually relinquish up to 13% of their earnings as income...
What's in a name? For many, the indication that they are descendants of craftsmen: smiths, coopers, millers, weavers. Primo Levi, 67, is an Italian Jew whose surname suggests ties to those members of the Levite tribe who were entrusted with guarding the sacred tabernacle. Not ritual priests but deacons, Levites were workers with practical tasks to perform. Appropriately, Levi came to writing through chemistry. For 30 years he worked for a Turin paint manufacturer. Before that he was the unwilling employee of the Nazis, who recruited him at Auschwitz for his technical skills. While millions died for what they...
...World). JOHN HARBISON: Ulysses' Bow; Samuel Chapter. Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra conducted by Andre Previn; Soprano Susan Larson, with Collage conducted by Harbison. (Nonesuch). There is nothing far-out about either Zwilich, the 1983 Pulitzer prizewinner, or Harbison, currently composer-in-residence with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. Both are solid craftsmen whose music is informed by an eloquent melodic voice, and each is especially adept at writing for the symphony orchestra. Zwilich's First Symphony is a big, bold, brassy work, propelled by insistent, driving rhythms, while her Celebration is a rattling shout reminiscent at times of Shostakovich. Harbison's dark...
Although one might expect a craft museum to be a kind of citified log cabin with rough walls and hand-hewn doors, the touches here are smooth and understated. With the exception of Furnituremaker James Schriber, creator of the austere maple reception desk, craftsmen were not invited to contribute because, officials felt, their ornamentation might detract from the objects on view. The very presence of the museum, however, adds fuel to a long- standing argument. Its large plate-glass windows offer a tantalizing glimpse of the Museum of Modern Art's new west wing across the street. What is craft...