Word: craftsmen
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...blues in the history of painting equal the electric indigos and aquas that ornament the baked enamel crafted in the 15th and 16th centuries for princes and prelates in the French city of Limoges. These extraordinary hues, combined with lesser colors, were used by master craftsmen to limn exquisitely detailed pictures on altarpieces, caskets. ewers and platters, garnished lavishly with silver and gold. Subjects range from the Annunciation to the labors of Hercules, and some panels even chronicle minor themes like the French proverb of the bad shepherd.* The finest U.S. collection of these Renaissance enamels is owned...
Glassmakers of ancient Venice maintained world superiority quite simply: craftsmen caught spiriting trade secrets out of Venice were made galley slaves or killed by hired assassins. In the modern world of sheet glass, Britain's Pilkington Brothers, Ltd., maintains a comparable superiority in a more humane way: the company consistently outdoes rivals in research and development...
...Claes Oldenburg and Chryssa are just learning how to make lithographs. Says Levine: "It should make a tremendous difference for American artists because there is nothing like Mourlot in the U.S. We used to have people like them at the turn of the century, I think, but the old craftsmen have disappeared here...
...often donned work clothes to fiddle with gunmaking himself, once paid $33,000 for a matched set of two pistols, a rifle and bird gun. Weapons that took only a few weeks to manufacture were subjected to months, often years, of or namentation, with several craftsmen combining their skills. Two Munich gunmakers, for example, used bone, ivory, chiseled steel and beaten gold to decorate a combined wheel lock and matchlock for Maximilian of Bavaria around 1600, with baroque swirls and scores of delicately detailed figures from classical mythology...
From Pious to Pornographic. Other craftsmen turned to such materials as silver inlays, precious stones, mother-of-pearl and exotic hardwoods to produce intricate designs and motifs that ranged from the pious to the pornographic, often decorating the hidden inside pieces of the guns with motifs to match designs on the outside. Like Europe's great furniture makers, the best gunmakers also turned out pattern books of designs, which were slavishly copied by other craftsmen for decades. In the 1740s, for instance, Russian court gunsmiths were still using 1670 French designs to ornament a pair of gold-plated...