Word: crater
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...What are they worrying about?" asked Editor Thomas Dabney of the Socorro, N.Mex. Chieftain. "All the critters came back to the crater, and they're just as ornery as they ever were...
...mountain went on growing, but not so quietly as at first. Steam burst from its top, digging a small crater which filled with mud and water. Steadily the explosions grew more violent; the steam smelled of sulphur and broke out strongly enough to toss rocks high in the air. But still there was no hot lava or other volcanic matter. The rocks and sand thrown out were just local material torn loose by the steam...
From the long-quiet crater a column of fire and molten rock gushed 2,500 feet into the sky. Boiling lava poured down the volcano's sides. As the two laggards fled, they saw their companions frantically trying to escape from the path of the fiery lava streaming toward them. Then a big mushroom-shaped cloud settled over the summit...
Geologists from Australia's Bureau of Mineral Resources have studied the crater and found some proof that it was made by a large mass of meteoric material that plunged into the earth at enormous speed and exploded like a bomb. The piles of rock in the rim are fractured as if they were blown out of the depression. The undisturbed rock layers of the region are horizontal, or nearly so, while the strata near the crater dip downward from the rim. The geologists found no meteoric iron, but they did find chunks of peculiar rock containing 3% of nickel...
Fifty miles off the north coast of Sicily, the dying volcano of Stromboli juts 3,000 feet out of the tepid Tyrrhenian. Italians call its five square miles l'isola nera (the black island), remember that in ancient days its crater was known as the gateway to purgatory...