Word: crater
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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During their first day on the dangerous island, Richards and Walker climbed the cone and descended 200 ft. into the crater, often sinking to their knees in fine lava dust. They watched steam escaping from a hole 6 ft. across "with a roar that you would expect from 100 jet planes...
...days later, while Richards and Walker were camped at the foot of the cone, the volcano blew its top. A vast cloud of black smoke billowed out of the crater, almost from the spot where they had waded in the lava dust. It rose to a great height; then its steam condensed and fell as a scalding deluge of muddy rain. Richards and Walker escaped in a skiff, rowing madly, and took refuge on a tuna boat...
...built a cinder cone some 800 ft. above the former level of the rocky island. Every five or ten minutes it shoots up tons of gas and ash, then lies quiet for five or ten minutes. Between explosions, Dr. Dietz from his airplane took a deep look into the crater. He estimated that the temperature of the erupting throat is about 2,000° F. He also noticed the rotten-eggs odor of hydrogen sulfide, which volcanologists consider a sign that a volcano is quieting down...
...atom bomb detonated underground would leave a radioactive crater which would be dangerous indefinitely, and the "hot" dust blown into the air might paint a broad band of silent death many miles downwind. The only safe way to simulate such an explosion is to use a "low-order" chemical explosive and scale up its effects theoretically to full atomic proportions. Last week at desolate Buckhorn Wash, Utah, Army engineers came the closest yet to simulating an atomic blast...
...leading authority on the Arizona meteorite crater, Dr. Harvey H. Nininger is naturally interested in the moon, whose face has apparently been pocked by thousands of flying meteorites. In the current Sky and Telescope, Nininger speculates that one large meteorite may have blasted a tunnel through one of the moon's ridges...