Word: cratered
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...publication, The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, gives some idea of the energy required. A 100-kiloton charge exploded on the surface of dry soil will form a crater 80 ft. deep and 580 ft. in diameter. The crater of a one-megaton charge exploded on the surface will be about 140 ft. deep and 1,300 ft. in diameter. If a charge is exploded 40 ft. down instead of on the surface, the diameter of its crater is nearly doubled. All these figures are for soil, not for resistant rock, but it looks as if a single megaton charge...
...sorts of methods have been proposed to signal back to earth that the impact has occurred. An obvious way, advocated by Professor Fred Singer of the University of Maryland, would be to explode a nuclear charge on the lunar surface. It would make a visible flash, and although its crater would probably be too small to be seen with the biggest telescopes, it might toss up a vast amount of fine lunar dust. If the explosion took place on a dark part of the moon near the edge of the lighted area, some of the dust would be thrown into...
Though Russian scientists did not reach the site until 1927, they found extraordinary devastation even then over about 62 sq. mi. Yet the several craters are among the smallest known: 30 ft. to 150 ft. wide, only 12 ft. deep. The first visitors found no meteorite fragments to a depth of 30 ft. Another expedition tried again for 13 months in 1930-31, found only minute grains of nickel-iron under one crater...
...unarmed bomb slammed down in the gummy loam near Florence (pop. 30,000) and went off with the impact and power of a 2,000-lb. World War H-type RDX bomb. Its exploding charge of TNT, part of the nuclear trigger device, dug a 20-ft. crater in the backyard of the asbestos-shingle home of Railroad Conductor Walter ("Bill") Gregg, 37, cut and bruised Gregg, his wife, his three children and his niece, damaged seven buildings, killed one hen and probably vaporized a dozen more. Within minutes the curious began pouring toward the crater. Kids soon spotted jagged...
Working under Rear Admiral George J. Dufek, commander of Operation Deep Freeze Three, Linehan set off three blasts of TNT in a 48-ft. crater not far from Paul Siple's camp. (The crater had been made by an air-dropped tractor that dropped too far too fast.) The sound wave took .4 seconds to reach solid rock beneath the ice and return. Linehan calculated that the bedrock is 903 ft. above sea level. Over this is "very dense" ice 8,200 ft. thick, topped by a 20-ft. belt of "hard" ice. In turn, the hard-ice belt...