Word: creditors
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...upping Canal Zone rental from 250,000 to 430,000 balboas per annum. One balboa equals the gold value of one Roosevelt dollar (59.06?). The effect: Panama won her demand to get her canal rent from 1934 in old (100?) dollars instead of devalued (59?) dollars, became the only creditor on whom the U. S. has not succeeded in welching by devaluation...
Before the World War Germany was a rich creditor nation, with an estimated 35 billion marks invested abroad. Although she imported more than she exported, income from this overseas capital and revenues from a merchant marine second only to England's were more than enough to make up the difference. To back a note circulation of 1,800,000,000 marks the Reichsbank held 1,370,000,000 marks in gold-double the coverage considered normal in 1914. Another two billion marks in gold currency were in circulation among the people. These liquid reserves made it easy for Germany...
Such a tidal wave of foreign-owned securities poured into the U. S. market at the outbreak of war in 1914 that the New York Stock Exchange closed its doors, did not reopen for nearly five months. Since then the U. S. has changed from a debtor to creditor nation and its markets are less susceptible to foreign liquidation. Also since 1914 the Government has acquired, in the Federal Reserve and SEC, a degree of financial control far firmer than even the elder J. P. Morgan could mobilize. Thus last week, as official Washington unofficially talked of war within...
...boss 21 months ago was as trial counsel for the Chase National Bank in a series of stockholders' suits (TIME, April 26, 1937), and in handling Mr. Hearst's financial affairs he has worked in close harmony with the Chase, Hearst's largest banking creditor...
Ever since the World War transformed the U. S. from a debtor to a creditor nation, it has been economically unhealthy for the U. S. to export more goods than it imports. (Debts cannot be collected unless the U. S. buys more from its debtors than they buy from it.) Last week the Department of Commerce reported that 1938's export surplus of $1,133,567,000 was the largest since...