Word: criminologists
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...latest of a series of troubles plaguing the Chicago police department. Despite its excesses at the 1968 Democratic National Convention, the department had until recently been considered a much improved force by most Chicagoans. The overall reforms within the department were primarily the work of two men, California Criminologist Orlando Wilson, who served as police superintendent from 1960 to 1967, and James Conlisk Jr., a career cop who worked his way up through the ranks to take over from Wilson. Under them, the department was transformed into one of the most efficient law-enforcement units in the country...
...California prison system into which George Jackson entered is a criminologist's dream and a convict's nightmare. In their 1951 book, New Horizons in Criminology, Harry Elmer Barnes and Hegley K. Teeters said: "The state of California stands in the forefront of penal experimentation, with its progressive philosophy epitomized in the Youth and Adult Authorities." At the time, the statement may well have been accurate, for Earl Warren was then governor of the state and had effected a number of changes designed to bring California's prison system into the 20th century. However, the promise seeded by the reforms...
...THERE ANY ALTERNATIVE TO THE ASSAULT? Certainly, if hostages were being killed, force had to be applied. Officials were convinced, rightly or wrongly, that the guards were in imminent danger of execution. Waiting could indeed have resulted in more deaths. But there is simply no certainty of that. Criminologist Vernon Fox points out that
...there really isn't. It's like any other reporter's job; you roll up your sleeves and do it." Smith was not the only expert on the story. The task of reporting was shared by New York Correspondent John Tompkins, a co-author with Criminologist Ralph Salerno of a recent book on the subject, The Crime Confederation...
Others, says Northeastern University Victimologist Stephen Schafer, have certain personality traits-for example, the Kennedys' ambition for power-that invite attack by "offending the offender." Israeli Criminologist Menachem Amir, who set up the victimology course at Berkeley, cites cultural factors: to participate in certain lifestyles, such as prostitution and drug addiction, is to court trouble. There are some occupations, too, that are likely to attract violence: cab driver, bank teller and policeman, among others. The motivation for seeking these jobs sometimes includes an unconscious need to be a victim, or a wish to defy fate...