Word: criteria
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Harvard posted an even more significant gain in the USCHO.com Pairwise Rankings where it took over the No. 1 spot for the first time all season. Because the Pairwise Rankings attempt to mimic the NCAA’s selection and seeding criteria, the rise suggests that the Crimson is back in control of its own destiny of earning the top seed...
...over, quickly becoming one of the world's best-selling drugs. Although originally approved only for adults with "symptoms of depressive illness," Prozac and its imitators (Zoloft, Paxil, Celexa, Luvox) are taken today by millions of patients--including more and more children--who don't necessarily meet the textbook criteria for clinical depression. Veterinarians have even made Prozac their No. 1 choice for dogs with the blues...
...lists the criteria used by mental-health professionals to make their various diagnoses, from "mild mental retardation" (the first listing) to "personality disorder not otherwise specified" (the last); there are more than 350 in all. Hence this 943-page doorstop is one of the most important books you've never heard of. And the inscrutable process of writing it is starting up again. The American Psychiatric Association (A.P.A.), the manual's publisher, recently began planning a giant review of the book. The new edition, the fifth--called DSM V--will appear around 2010. Evidently, it takes a long time...
...course, in the real world, psychiatric diagnosis doesn't--or at least shouldn't--work like a checklist at a sushi counter. Many of the items that appear as diagnostic criteria in the DSM are sometimes symptoms of a disorder and sometimes signs of perfectly normal behavior. An adolescent who "often argues with adults" may have an unusual condition called "oppositional defiant disorder" or a more common condition called "being 14 years old." The DSM includes a cautionary statement saying it takes clinical training to tell the difference. But many nonspecialists use the book too: insurers open the DSM when...
Other questionable diagnoses stay in the book because no one fights hard enough to remove them. Thus heterosexual men can be diagnosed with a supposed disorder called "transvestic fetishism" if they meet only two criteria: they have sexual fantasies about cross-dressing, and those fantasies cause "impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas." In other words, someone is sick not if he has the fantasies but if he gets caught having them--for instance, if his boss reads a kinky e-mail he sent at work, which then leads to a pink slip ("occupational impairment...