Word: croatia
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...dark side of nationalism. The first reaction to the disintegration of the menacing Soviet monolith may be euphoria, but all too often, as demonstrated by other countries where ethnic rivalries have shattered national integrity, bloodshed soon follows. In Yugoslavia fierce fighting has killed more than 300 people since Croatia declared independence on June 25. In Sri Lanka an eight-year war between Tamil guerrillas and the Sinhalese majority has left 18,000 dead and countless numbers homeless and destitute. Tamil Tigers have also been held responsible for the assassination last May of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, who sent...
While Belgrade fiddled, Croatia burned. Yugoslav army tanks fired from Serbia across the Danube at the Croatian town of Dalj and two nearby villages 50 miles northwest of Belgrade, killing at least 80 people. The campaign brought nearly one-third of Croatia's territory under Serbian control. The shaken Croatian leadership responded with a series of unconvincing proposals. To buttress the republic's 70,000 security forces, President Franjo Tudjman called up 30,000 reserves, then admitted that he lacked the weapons to arm them. He also revamped his Cabinet, firing his hard-line Defense and Interior ministers and seating...
...tanks and guns of July. As Yugoslavia heads into August, the fighting is spurring ever more urgent attempts to devise at least piecemeal solutions. The European Community last week dispatched three foreign ministers to Zagreb and Belgrade to secure a cease-fire in the increasingly volatile republic of Croatia. The trio arrived bearing words of peace, but without any assurance that they could engineer a truce, let alone an enduring solution. In Belgrade, sessions convened by Yugoslavia's crippled eight-member federal presidency produced door slamming and name calling -- but no cease-fire...
With the country in such deep disarray, the contours of one ghastly solution are already emerging on the battlefield: a redrawing of internal borders along ethnic lines, accompanied by population exchanges. In a sense, it is already happening. Some 40,000 ethnic Serbs have fled across Croatia's borders, mostly into the Serbian province of Vojvodina and the republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina. The Croatian retreat from embattled zones where Serbian militias have triumphed over Croatian defense forces has dislodged tens of thousands of villagers. But a formal remapping of Yugoslavia, with its six republics and two autonomous provinces, could deepen...
...Yugoslav People's Army has mobilized a reported 200,000 reservists, most of them Serbs, and beefed up its strength at bases along Croatia's eastern border in an effort to preserve national unity. In response, the republic's nationalist leader, Franjo Tudjman, warned, "If our efforts for peace bear no fruit, the whole population will rise...