Word: crusting
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There are three ways in which lava may escape from the lake, Mr. Hinds said, by overflowing the brim, through fissures, and through "tubes", which occur when molten lava has run out from under a hardened crust above, leaving a natural pathway two or three miles long and from 50 to 60 feet high. In the last eruption the lava overflowed but it has again sunk to its former level, about 120 feet beneath the brim...
...vivid flash comes the realization that men are atoms living on the hardened crust of a boiling pot--on a tiny ball itself whirling among countless similar balls, according to one vast plan. Today the earth merely trembles, the seismograph vibrates, and the scientist asks: "Somewhere...
...that Methuselah lived nine hundred and sixty-nine months, nor years as the Bible has it. At that rate, the celebrated rain-storm of Noah's time lasted about three days and the Ark might well have been built right here in Boston. But movements in the earth's crust are of such a gradual nature that even Dr. Getsinger's twelve thousand years from submersion to emergence is pretty fast work. Nature never hurries. But if we add yet another 30,000 years (a second cycle of the pole star) we should find that Pithecanthropus Erectus was posing...
...Elias in the region of Alaska, and the San Francisco district. The former disturbance, which occurred in 1899, was the greatest shock that has taken place in North America since the white man's occupancy, while the San Francisco disaster was a serious shakeup in the earth's crust. The section between these two districts, however, shows no signs of having ever been disturbed, and since it lies in the same belt it is natural that someday the crust was to settle down...
...character of the movement of the earth's crust can fairly be assumed to have been similar to that at the time of the San Francisco shock, in which the rocks at an unknown depth slipped horizontally past each other about 16 feet on a verticle plane. This formation, technically known as a 'fault', extends along the coast, nearly parallel to it, and stretches for a great distance on the ocean's bottom...