Word: crystallizer
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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These organic compounds made of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen resemble ordinary liquids. Yet their orderly molecular structure is similar to that of solid crystals such as diamonds, mica and quartz. The crystals themselves are not new, but it was only recently that scientists discovered that an electrical charge makes them light-reflecting; the higher the voltage, the greater the reflecting power. At first, this "electro-optical effect" could be shown only in the laboratory, since the crystals reacted to electricity only at certain temperatures. Now, after trying more than 100 compounds, RCA scientists have produced a crystal that responds...
Animated Display. To demonstrate their compound's wide capability, RCA researchers sandwiched a thin film of the liquid crystals between two sheets of glass. The inner surface of each sheet was coated with a transparent electrical conducting material. When a small negative charge was applied to one sheet and a positive charge to the other, so much turbulence was caused inside the liquid crystals' molecular structure that the film turned instantly opaque. Next, in a more complicated display, the conducting surfaces were divided into a mosaic of squares, each separately linked to the external power source; this enabled...
Such uses of liquid crystals' electro-optical potential could be applied soon to a whole new generation of sports scoreboards, traffic-control signs, stock-market tickers, and instrument panels in cars and aircraft. Besides drawing very little power, the devices would work perfectly well in ordinary daylight, since liquid crystals reflect external light rather than produce their own. In the more distant future is a liquid-crystal TV screen. The entire television set, say the RCA researchers, not only would be as thin as a book, but could be watched even in the glaring light of a sun-drenched...
Negotiator Xuan Thuy, shook hands with him in the hotel's rococo, crystal and gilt Grand Salle before moving behind the closed doors of conference room No. 5. Leading off, Thuy set a strident tone that prevailed all week. He accused the U.S. of "monstrous crimes" and repeated the "primordial and most pressing" Communist demand for a total and unconditional end to U.S. bombing of the North. Harriman, in an opening statement that was edited by Defense Secretary Clark Clifford at the request of the President, noted that all U.S. bombing would stop "if our restraint is matched...
...soon noticed that there was some white, crystal-like powder on the face of a moth that was ready to emerge from its cocoon. Most of the enzyme crystals were on two cone-shaped structures on the face, called maxillae, which scientists had hither-to believed useless to the silk moth. Kafatos also found concentrated enzyme solution in the maxillae's cells, which squeeze the solution out through fine tubes leading to the surface of the maxillae. The enzyme, mixed with the liquid of the old silk tubes, gets painted over the cocoon's tip, thus dissolving the cocoon...