Word: cuba
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...political reasons, the U.S. relied for about 15% of its sugar supplies on the Philippines, importing them across 7,000 miles of Pacific Ocean rather than across 200 miles from Cuba. For political reasons, the quotas of Hawaii and Puerto Rico, and particularly the quotas of U.S. beet-and cane-sugar producers have been kept high (in relation to their production)-and the quotas of Cuba kept down...
...Back to Cuba. The result has been that Cuba, a low-cost producer close at hand, which by all the laws of economics should have supplied the U.S., has had her production cut (see chart, p. 63) by the laws of man. And now the U.S. has to turn to Cuba again for most of its supply...
...Cuba's estimated production for 1942-all of it bought by the U.S. except what Cuba requires for her own use-is considerably bigger than in recent years. But Cuba cannot in one year turn back the hands of the clock. In 1925 she produced 6,000,000 tons, but having sold only about 2,000,000 tons a year to the U.S. during the '30s, the best she expects to be able to do for the U.S. and Lend-Lease in 1942 is 3,800,000 tons...
...this the only damage that has been done by politics to the U.S. sugar supply. To keep the refineries of the U.S. sugar trust going, Cuba's quota of refined imports to the U.S. has been, and still is, limited to 375,000 tons a year. The U.S. refineries that handle Cuban sugar are nearly all located north of Baltimore. This means that, at a time when shipping is at a premium, raw sugar takes a long voyage up the dangerous coast rather than a short hop from Cuba to Florida-or taxes the railroads with a double haul...
...Government to set up the world's first school of military medicine, organize sanitary rules, military hospitals. Said she: "You cannot improvise the sanitary care of an Army in the field." After Florence Nightingale came other medical heroes. In 1900, a brave band of doctors and volunteers in Cuba, headed by Dr. Walter Reed, allowed themselves to be bitten by infected mosquitoes, proved Dr. Carlos Finlay's contention (announced in 1881) that yellow fever was carried by Aedes aegypti. A few years later, by draining and oiling swamps, Dr. William Crawford Gorgas rid Panama of yellow fever, reduced...