Word: cuban
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Chinese Communists, Rodriguez adds: "We don't believe in solving this problem with a cultural revolution, parading people around with dunce caps on their heads. We believe that internationalist tasks help the revolution because they are important in the political character-building and moral mobilization of our youth." Cuban propaganda on posters and radio broadcasts stresses youth-and youthful militancy...
...addition to the four schools for Africans (a fifth, for Ethiopian children, is due to open soon), the island is dotted with boarding schools for 20,000 Cuban students; all these institutes combine an academic curriculum with manual labor and ideological training. Part of their educational program, says Roberto Ogando, a political leader on the island, is "to learn that as members of a controlled democracy they have an obligation to work -and if necessary even to fight-with their hands." In keeping with the Isle of Pines' conversion from an agricultural community (and prison colony) into a kind...
...estimated 46,000 Cubans now in Africa, about 8,000 are civilians. Cuban doctors and paramedics provide much of the medical service in Angola and virtually all of it on the islands of São Toméand Principe, a Democratic Republic that was once a Portuguese colony. There are Cuban engineering teams all over the continent. In Angola, nearly 800 Cuban teachers are running makeshift schools under the impressive banner of "The Che Guevara Internationalist Pedagogical Detachment." More Peace Corps than Afrika Korps, most of the teachers are barely out of secondary school themselves. Their average...
...Cuban officials insist that both the civilian and military personnel in Africa are volunteers. Maybe so, but a young Cuban faces a formidable battery of social and governmental pressures to answer the call "Comrade Fidel wants you." A Havana resident described how authorities picked volunteers in the small town where a relative lives: "They lined up the young men and asked those who were willing to go to Africa to raise their hands. Anyone who didn't raise his hand was then told to explain why-and he better have a pretty good excuse, like illness or hardship...
...merit to have participated in an internationalist mission," says Filipe Suárez, 48, a C.D.R. official. "It is understood that someone who gives up a year or so of his life to help in Africa will be guaranteed his old job back." More to the point, many young Cubans, especially those with higher education, have difficulty finding work after they finish school, and they know a certificate of African service will help them on their return. Because of a postrevolutionary baby boom and the success of Castro's anti-illiteracy campaign, the Cuban job market is glutted. Concedes...