Word: curriculum
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Some 900 miles north and 1,800 miles west of the spot where the celebrated Scopes "Monkey Trial" shocked the world, and a full 35 years later, the state of Washington's supervisor of curriculum guides, John M. Howell, announced: "Now, of course, no one really believes the Darwinian theory ... If Darwinian evolution is true, then the Bible is untrue, and I prefer to hold by the Old Book rather than to accept a worthless theory...
...windows or handsome parquet floors shown off by proud principals; instead, he is interested in the teachers and the students. After the first Russian Sputnik restimulated interest in education in 1957, says Education Editor Richard Philbrick of the Chicago Tribune, there "was a sudden increase in interest in the curriculum and the scholastic standards. The newspapers merely reflected this change in emphasis...
These space-age children are taking an experimental science curriculum drawn up by University of California Physicist Robert Karplus, 32, whose specialty is not elementary school teaching but elementary particles. (Sample Karplus research paper: "Spectral Representations in Perturbation Theory-The Vertex Function.") A Vienna-born infant prodigy who could multiply four-digit numbers in his head before he went to first grade, Harvard-trained (Ph.D., 1948) Karplus got to worrying about schools after he became a father (three girls, two boys, a sixth child on the way). Listening to teachers talk about the problems of teaching science, he decided that...
...make these understandable to children by "direct intuitive perception." He first tackled the concepts of position and direction, developed a course called "coordinates." He taught teachers to hook their index fingers together and pull. Said he: "That's the beginning of Newton's Third Law."- Using his curriculum's careful exposition of contact, field and frictional forces, teachers and pupils brought wood blocks, rubber bands, magnets, Band-Aid boxes and buttons to class, found them suddenly interesting as demonstrations of physical laws...
First-graders could grasp only qualitative ideas, but Karplus' second-level curriculum (second, third, fourth grades) introduced numbered quantities through use of such devices as rubber-band scales made in class by the pupils. By the sixth grade, the children were innocently testing the influence of orbit size on centrifugal force...