Word: cutbacks
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Griffith and his great cameraman Billy Bitzer, here shown working with Henry B. Walthall in The Escape, were the Founding Fathers of cinematic art. They discovered the closeup, the cutback, the truck shot (camera moving forward or backward), the fadeout, the fuzz-focused heroine's head which, esthetically, is Hollywood's chief inheritance from them. Some of their action sequences in The Birth of a Nation (1915) and Intolerance (1916), together with many by their brilliant, neglected contemporary, Thomas Ince, have seldom been equaled, never surpassed...
...then, they had seen plants standing idle. So did civilians who have passed enormous army dumps jammed wheel to wheel with trucks, have seen massed fields of hundreds of tanks. Army Ordnance itself has even complained of a big tank surplus at Chester, Pa. Statisticians recalled further that the cutback of a "few facilities" totaled around...
Says Bob Patterson: "The idea that the cutback in production is the result of an abundance of certain weapons is wholly false. We probably never will have an abundance because of the heavy drain of battle attrition...
...cutback is absolutely necessary if the U.S. is to produce anything like the $87 billions worth of military goods which is the 1943 military goal. But the cutback will also be rendered difficult given the huge civilian demand. Joseph L. Weiner in the Office of Civilian Supply may labor prodigiously to get a balance of civilian output through drastic allocation of raw materials and through a "concentration" of civilian industries into the hands of a few firms. But how men and women are to be jarred out of the service industries with civilians able to pay good cash for services...
...predecessors brought about, the first great merit of CMP is that every part of a tank or gun or airplane will be assured of the same preferred position in the disbursement of scarce materials. Moreover, if changes in military strategy dictate a change in any armament program, a cutback or an increase can be applied with one fell swoop to an entire program...