Word: cyclotrons
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...novels of Thomas Pynchon seem to take place in a vast, unfathomable cyclotron. Characters, ideas, metaphors, styles, pains, ecstasies, assorted objects from the Pyramids to paper clips all whirl about at enormous velocity. They collide, split into new forms, or suddenly decay, leaving behind only enigmatic smiles...
Bone to Blood. Current interest is focused on two isotopes of indium and gallium. At Ohio State University, Radiologists William W. Hunter Jr. and Xavier J. Riccobono worked with indium Ill, which was produced in the campus cyclotron. Using a special scanner, they found that the radioisotope concentrated heavily in bone in the first 24 hours after intravenous injection. As a result, X-ray photographs taken after the first day tended to reveal bone cancer. Even better, the radioactive molecules then joined proteins in the blood, concentrating in young, fast-growing tumors, thus revealing the sites of other cancers...
...front runner among today's diagnostic radioisotopes is gallium 67. Like indium, it can be virtually hand-crafted any time in any cyclotron. It, too, has a half-life of approximately three days-just right for selective concentration in a series of body tissues...
...techniques that enabled Lawrence to build the first of the big atom smashers, Lawrence failed to mention Livingston in his patent application and generally avoided crediting him for his work. When Livingston complained, Lawrence coldly suggested that if he felt dissatisfied he was free to drop out of the cyclotron project...
With characteristic optimism and consummate salesmanship, Lawrence raised funds and began building a 100 million-volt cyclotron in 1940, despite warnings by theoretical physicists that complex relativistic considerations would make it unworkable. World War II halted the project and saved Lawrence from great embarrassment. But the postwar years brought another. Putting his prestige and influence in Washington to work, Lawrence overcame the objections of other scientists and won approval for the construction of a monstrous proton accelerator for converting nonfissionable uranium 238 into fission able plutonium, which could be used in nuclear weapons. This time, after three years and huge...