Word: cyclotrons
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...test the theory, scientists exposed typical organic compounds (such as fatty acids) to the beam of a cyclotron. Sure enough, they got a small yield of hydrocarbon. The next step will be to extract organic substances from the earth of a potential oil pool, and see if a cyclotron beam can turn it into petroleum...
Life at Sukhum. When the Reds punched into Berlin, they threw a cordon of troops around the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute, whence the news of uranium fission had first startled the scientific world in 1939. They went down into the cellar, dismantled the big cyclotron, packed it carefully off to Stalinland. Among the men they carried off was Baron Manfred von Ardenne, 39, a brilliant physicist...
...unsure were the physicists who described at Princeton the gigantic and complex machines which are being designed and built as tools for atomic research. Nobelman Ernest 0. Lawrence, developer of the cyclotron, was sure that this and other "accelerators" would soon yield flying particles with energies up to one billion volts. (Present top: 100,000,000.) What the particles themselves are and how they behave, neither Lawrence nor anyone else could describe with certainty...
...relativity effect has limited most cyclotrons to considerably less than 100 million electron volts. But last week California's Physicist Edwin M. McMillan reported that he had found a way to thwart relativity. His device: a frequency modulator (the same principle as in FM radio) which automatically adjusts the frequency of a cyclotron's kicks to the speed of its bullets. It will beef up California's new 184-inch cyclotron (to be completed by autumn) to 200-400 million electron volts...
Straight Shooter. The sensation of the meeting, however, was a brand-new type of machine which promises to outpower the cyclotron. Prosaically named the "linear accelerator," it is a tube which shoots its nuclear bullets straight instead of in a circle. The idea came from two crack young physicists, M.I.T.'s Julius Halpern and California's Luis W. Alvarez, who have developed separate versions of the machine...